On \Lambda e^*-Open and \Lambda e^*-Closed Sets in Topological Spaces and Their Use in Financial Risk Assessment

Saravanakumar Gurusamy; Nassar Aiman Majid; Arun Murugaraj

doi:10.22342/jims.v31i4.2116

From Equations to Action: Mathematical Models Driving Epidemics Control Strategies

Saravanakumar Gurusamy ⁽¹⁾, Nassar Aiman Majid ⁽²⁾, Arun Murugaraj ⁽³⁾

(1) Department of Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), India,

(2) Department of Ecology Sciences, College of Applied Sciences-Hit, University of Anbar, Iraq,

(3) Department of Mathematics, Hindusthan College of Engineering & Technology, India

https://doi.org/10.22342/jims.v31i4.2116

Issue
Vol. 31 No. 4 (2025): DECEMBER

Submitted
June 26, 2025

Accepted
October 4, 2025

Published
November 20, 2025

Keywords:

$\Lambda$-set, $\Lambda e^*$-set, financial risk assessment, low-risk stock selection

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Abstract

In this paper, the notions of \Lambda e^*-open and \Lambda e^*-closed sets are introduced and studied within the framework of general topology. Several fundamental results and characterizations are established, including their relationships with e^*-open sets, regular closed sets, and various separation axioms. The interplay between \Lambda e^*-sets and classical topological structures is examined through a sequence of lemmas and theorems. Furthermore, the developed concepts are applied to construct a mathematical model for low-risk stock selection. Specifically, the properties of \Lambda e^*-sets are utilized to filter stocks that maintain topological stability under uncertainty, providing a novel approach to identifying financially stable investment options within a given market.

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Authors

Saravanakumar Gurusamy

Department of Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University)

saravananguru2612@gmail.com (Primary Contact)

Nassar Aiman Majid

Department of Ecology Sciences, College of Applied Sciences-Hit, University of Anbar

Arun Murugaraj

Department of Mathematics, Hindusthan College of Engineering & Technology

Gurusamy, S., Majid, N. A., & Murugaraj, A. (2025). On \Lambda e^*-Open and \Lambda e^*-Closed Sets in Topological Spaces and Their Use in Financial Risk Assessment. Journal of the Indonesian Mathematical Society, 31(4), 2116. https://doi.org/10.22342/jims.v31i4.2116